Crushing machine



C. T. ANDERSON CRUSHING MACHINE Filed Jan. '7

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CRUSHING- lVfAmNEl Application filed January 7, 1922. Serial No.527,802,

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that l, CARI, 17. ANDERSON,

a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Elmhurst, Du PageCounty, Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful 11nprovement inCrushing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to crushing machines in general, but moreparticularly to those in which a pivoted breaker plate is opposed to arotary crushing roll, so that a hopper like space is formed between themto receive the materials to be crushed, and whereby a throat is formedat the bottom of said space for the discharge of the product during theoperation of the machine.

Generally stated, the object of the invention is to provide a novel andimproved construction whereby both relatively long and relativelyshort'teeth may be employed on the crushing roll, and whereby, in aCrusher of this type, the said breaker plateV is desirably set back farenough from the crushing roll to entirely clear the said long teeth,thus widening said throat, and whereby in order to insure the desiredsize for the product the throat `is then contracted in the desiredmanner by means projecting outward from the breaker plate and betweensaid loneteeth and into operative relation to said short teeth, as willhereinafter more fully appear.

Another object is to provide an improved construction and arrangementwhereby certain features and certain expedients heretofore considerednecessary or desirable are eliminated and rendered unnecessary in theconstruction of a crusher of this particular character, thus obviatingthe necessity of using certain things heretofore considered importantand necessary, in order to insure the desired crushing action, as willalso hereinafter more fully appear. ,y

It is also an object to provide certain details and features ofconstruction tending to increase the general eiiiciency and theserviceability of a crushing machine of this particular construction.

To the foregoing and other useful ends, therefore, the inventionconsists in matters hereinafter set forth and claimed and shown in theaccompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of aCrusher embodying the principles ofthe invention, showing certainportions broken away to show the relative arrangementof the rotarycrushing roll and the pivoted breaker plate.

Figure 2 is a plan of said Crusher.

Figure 3 is a vertical section on line 3-3 in Figure 1. y

Figure 4 is a section on line 4 4 in Figure 1.

As thus illustrated, the invention comprises a body frame 1 of anysu'itable'or desired character, having a transverse driving shaft 2lwhich is gear-connected by the gears 3 and 4 with the axis 5 of therelatively large crushing roll 6 whichis disposed within the interior ofsaid body frame. Said roll is provided with removable segments or outersections 7 which are held in place by bolts 8 in anyy suitable ordesired manner. The relatively shortteeth 9 are integral with saidVsegments 7, while the larger teeth 10 are separately formed and areinserted through the segments and have their inner ends 1.1 rivetedover, these relatively large and small teeth being of any suitable ordesired form and being arranged on the roll in the manner shown, sothat` they extend outward from the roll toward the pivoted breaker plate12 which is mounted to swing about a transverse axis 13 at its upperend. Said breaker plate is provided with a re movable wearing face orsection 14 which is held in place by bolts 15 in any suitable manner. Atransverse pin or axis member 16 is inserted through the lowerendkportion of the breaker plate, and rollers 17 are mountedA on thispin or member 16, said rollers being spaced apartby the portions 18 ofthe'breaker plate. Rods 19 have their ends supported on fthe Outer endsof the member 16 and are arranged, to slide or reciprocatein guides 2Oon the body frame, coil springs 21 being interposed between said guidesand the nuts on the outer ends of said rods. Y

It will be seen that'the breaker plate 12 is set back far enough fromthe crushing roll 6 to entirely clear the long teeth 10 on `said roll,so that the throat is somewhat widened at the bottom of the hopper likespace formed between the crushing roll and the breaker plate to receivethe materialsto be crushed. The rollers 17, however, project backtowardV the roll 6 from the breaker plate, and extend between the teethand into operative lrelation tothe teeth 9, as shown, thereby to insurea product of the desired size. The two kinds of teeth, in comage 1n caseof` hard lumps in the materials.

The large teeth 10 do vnot extend into the breaker plate, in any sensewhatever, andV this construction and arrangement obviates the necessityof slotting or recessing the breaker plate to provide clearance for theteeth 10, inasmuch as the breaker plate is set back the full distancenecessary -to keep it from engaging the long teeth 10 during theoperation of the machine. The pressure on the rollers 17 is communicateddirectly to the tension rods 19, through the pin or axis member 16, andby means of these rollers the throatY of the'hopper like space iscontracted to insure'the desired size for the product. The'breakerrplateface 14 is .im-A

mediately above the rollers 17, and can be takenoftp when worn orimpaired by the crushing action. Also, of course, the segments 7 can beremoved when the teeth are worn or impaired, and new segments can besecuredin place. It will be understood, of

course, that the crushing roll 6 rotates in a direction. to carry thematerials downward and to force them through the throat at the bottom ofthe hopper like space between this roll and the breaker plate. Y

From the foregoing it will be seen that the pressure exerted by thematerials against the rollers 17 is communicated directly through Vtheaxis Vmember 16 to the rods 19, and in case of lumps or hard spots inthe materials the rods 19 will move endwise,

thereby V`compressir'ig the springs 21, and.

these springs will then return the rollers 17 to their normal positionin operative relation to the short teeth 9 on the main rotary crushingroll. Thus the fiat face of the breaker plate 12, as shown occupies anormal position a greater distance from the roll, or greater than in theordinary construction, so that without the rollers 17 the throat at thebottomof the hopper like space would be too wide for the desiredproduct. Therefore, as shown and described, the rollers 17 are employedto contract the throat in the desired'manner, thus obviatingthenecessity of setting the breaker plate -up 'closer to the crushing rollhaving the teeth thereon, and insuring a wider hopper above the throat.

The long teeth 10 do not pass through the face of the breakerplate, butpass between the 'rollers 17 vwhich project outwardv from said face. Inthe structure shown and described, the axis member 16 which carries therollers 17 is supported by the swinging member forming the breaker plate12, but it is obvious that the member 16 can be supported in anysuitable or desired manner to present the rollers 17 (by the yieldingaction of the springs 21) to the shorter teeth on the surface of thelarger crushing roll, so that the materials are forced between rolls toproduce the crushing action.

As shown and described, there are some short teeth 9 which are in linecircumferentially with the long teeth 10, and there are other shortteeth 9 disposed on said roll in line with the rollers 17 on the breakerplate.

Thus there are some short teeth on the roll in line with projectingmeans on the breaker plate, and there are some long teeth on the rollwhich extend between said projecting means on the breaker plate, andthere are other short teeth disposed on the roll in linevcircumferentially with said long teeth. This tends to produce apowerful crushing action, and tends to produce a product of the desiredcharacter.

As shown in Figures 1 and et clearance is provided between the roll 6and the section 7, for the riveted over heads 11 of the inner ends ofthe longer teeth 10, whereby these fastening means 11 are not accessibleexcept when the sections 7 are removed from the roll. The bolts 8,however, are accessible inside of the roll as shown, so that thesections may be removed. If a long tooth 10 breaks, the section bearingthis tooth can be removed, by loosening the bolts 8, and then theriveted over head 11 can be cut off with a cold chisel, if necessary, toremove the broken long tooth. But, as shown and described, the clearanceshown in the drawings for the fastening means 11 is sufficient to permitthe sections to be clamped tightlyv against the outer surface of theroll 6, as shown, with the ends of the sections tightly together.

`What I claim as my invention is 1. ln a crusher, the combination of aroll, a breaker plate disposed in operative relation to said. roll,forming a hopper-like space with a discharge throat between the roll andthe plate to receive thev materials to be crushed, relatively shortteeth on the roll, relatively long teeth on said roll, with said plateset back far enough from the roll to clear said long teeth, thuswidening said throat to prevent the long teeth from passing through theface of the plate, and movable means projecting outward from said plateand between said longteeth and into operative relation to the ends ofsaid short 1 teeth, forming a contraction of said throat, whereby tocrush said materials in said space and discharge the product from saidthroat in the operation of the crusher.

2. A structure as specified in claim 1, said projecting means comprisinga plurality of rollers spaced apart to receive said long teeth betweenthem and mounted to rotate about a common transverse axis on saidbreaker plate.

3. The structure as specified in claim 2, said projecting means beingrotatable about a transverse axis on the breaker plate.

1. 'Ihe structure as specified in claim 1, said breaker plate having aremovable wearing face section thereon immediately above said projectingmeans.

5. In a crusher, the combination of a roll, a breaker plate opposed tosaid roll, forming a hopper-like space between them for receiving thematerials to be crushed, with a discharge throat at the bottom of saidspace for discharging the product during the operation of the crusher,movable means projecting outward from and beyond the face of said plateand into operative relation to said roll, thereby contracting saidthroat to produce the desired crushing action, and means for mountingsaid plate for movement toward and away from said roll.

G. A structure as specified in claim 5, said means projecting from theplate comprising a plurality of rollers mounted to rotate about atransverse axis on said plate.

7. A structure as specified in claim 5, in combination with teeth onsaid roll to cooperate with said plate and the projecting movable meansthereon to produce the desired crushing action.

8. A structure as specified in claim 5, said projecting means comprisinga transverse axis for the rotation thereof during the 0peration of thecrusher.

9. In a crusher, the combination of a piv oted breaker plate, one ormore rollers forming means projecting from said plate, and means opposedto said plate and forming therewith a hopper like space to receive thematerials to be crushed.

10. A structure as specified in claim 9, in combination with means topivot said plate to swing about a transverse axis extending parallelwith the axis of said rollers.

11. A structure as specified in claim 9, in combination with meanswhereby said plate is yieldingly presented in operative position toyield under pressure exerted by the materials in said space.

12. In a crusher, a cylindrical member forming a crushing roll, havingthe outer surface thereof composed of removable sections, and having`some teeth formed integral with said removable sections, and other teethformed separately and inserted through said removable sections andrigidly secured therein, these other teeth being fastened in place bymeans on the back of each soi-lion, with clearance between the roll andtbn inner surface of each section for said lixsiriiiilg means, wherebysaid fastening means are inaccessible, so that said other teeth must besecured in place before the sections are fastened on the roll, andwhereby removal of the sections is necessary for the removal of theother teeth, in combination with crushing means co-operating with saidteeth to crush the materials, and means accessible inside of the roll tofasten the sections in place.

13. A structure as specified in claim 12, said integral teeth beingshorter than said teeth which are separately formed, and the longerteeth being inserted through the sections and upset or riveted over attheir inner ends to permanently hold them in place.

14. A structure as specified in claim 12, said means comprising apivoted breaker plate having means projecting outward from the facethereof to extend between said teeth which are separately formed andinto operative relation to said integrally formed teeth.

15, A structure as specified in claim 1, said projecting meanscomprising a plurality of rollers spaced apart to receive said longteeth between them, an axis member for said rollers, tension rodsconnected to the outer ends of said axis member, springs on said tensionrods, and guides engaging said springs, whereby said breaker plate andsaid rollers are yieldingly presented to said first mentioned roll.

16. A structure as specified in claim 5, said projecting meanscomprising rollers, an axis member for said rollers, and spring heldtension rods connected to said axis member.

17. A structure as specified in claim 9, in combination with tensionrods connected to the axis of said rollers, whereby the breaker plate isyieldingly held in operative position.

18. In a crusher, a transverse axis member, rotary means free to turn ineither direction on said axis member, means co-operating with saidrotary means to crush the materials, a breaker member to movably supportsaid axis member, and end-wise movable tension rods connected to theouter ends of said axis member, whereby said rotary means are yieldinglymaintained in operative position.

19. In a crusher, a roller mounted to rotate freely in either directionabout a hori- Zontally disposed axis, crushing means opposed to saidroller, means for operating said crushing means, so that the materialspass downward between said roller and said crushing means, supportingmeans to movably support said roller to permit said axis thereof to movetoward and away from said crushing means, said supporting meanscooperating with said crushing means to form a hopper, and spring meansto yieldingly resist movement of theroller away from said crushingmeans.

20. In a crushing machine, the combination of abreaker plate, a rotaryCrusher roll, means projecting from the breaker' y Ypla-teV toward theroll, long teeth on said roll.

to extend between said projecting means on Y the breaker plate, in closerelation to the face of said breaker plate, andv short teeth on theYroll in line with and passing close to 10 CARL T. ANDERSON.

